ADAPTING TRADITIONS: AN EXAMINATION OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE FULƁE KINSHIP STRUCTURE IN JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

This study examined the dynamic evolution of Fulɓe (Fulani) kinship structures within Jigawa State, Nigeria. Jigawa State, located in northern Nigeria, is home to a diverse range of ethnic groups, in addition to the Fulɓe. Some of these ethnic groups include Zarma (Zabarmawa), Hausa, Kanuri, Bade, Ngizim, Gungawa, and so on. Some typologies of Fulɓe people in Jigawa State include Nomadic Fulɓe, Sedentary Fulɓe, Agro-pastoral Fulɓe, Fulɓe Traders, etc. The research employed qualitative methods by utilizing secondary sources such as documents and records, books, journals, and internet sources to collect data on the dynamic evolution of Fulɓe kinship structures within Jigawa State. The investigation draws on the social structure theory to comprehend the traditional Fulɓe kinship systems, elucidating their essential functions in maintaining stability and order within Jigawa State. The findings reveal that the evolution of Fulɓe kinship structures in Jigawa State is intricately linked to historical events such as colonialism, the spread of formal education, urbanization, economic transformations, and the assimilation of modern values. Consequently, Fulɓe kinship structures in Hadejia Emirate, Ringim, Dutse, Kazaure, Birnin Kudu, and Buji, in Jigawa State, exhibit a synthesis of traditional and modern influences by adapting to the changing societal landscape. This adaptation involves a shift towards an increased emphasis on individual choice, smaller nuclear families, more flexible kinship networks, and a heightened focus on individual accomplishments. In light of these findings, the study advocates for collaborative efforts between the government and Fulɓe communities in Jigawa State to formulate policies that are supportive of the distinctive kinship structures in the State.