Effects of Communal Conflicts on Socio-Economic Activities in Oju Local Government Area of Benue State

Abstract

Peace is the foundation upon which every society thrives. However, communal conflicts in Oju Local Government Area disrupt the peace, thereby affecting several livelihood activities. This paper examined the extent to which communal conflicts affect socio-economic activities in Oju Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. The paper adopted a descriptive survey design to assess the disruption of key socio-economic activities, including agriculture, trade, culture, and recreation. A total of 375 respondents were selected using purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Data were collected through questionnaires and key informant interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and Pearson Correlation, while qualitative data were unbundled using content analysis. Findings revealed that communal conflicts significantly disrupted major socio-economic activities in the area. Crop farming, was greatly affected by destruction of farmlands and displacement of farmers, leading to food shortages and economic hardship. Trading activities declined due to insecurity, which hindered market operations and supply chains. Religious gatherings and cultural events were disrupted by fear and mistrust, reducing social cohesion and communal unity. Similarly, sports and other recreational activities that previously fostered youth engagement and peace were abandoned, thereby increasing youth involvement in violent activities. The Pearson Correlation result (r = 0.074, p = 0.03) confirmed a statistically significant relationship between communal conflicts and disruptions in socio-economic activities. It was concluded that communal conflicts erode economic stability, social cohesion, and peace-building opportunities, which exacerbates poverty and deepen divisions among communities The paper recommends that Local government, extension services, community leaders, and security agents should protect farmlands, grazing and fishing areas, markets, transport routes, recreational centres, cultural and worship centres to avert conflicts and ensure safe access and sustained agricultural and livestock productivity, cultural and recreational events.